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Protocol & Ecosystem Deep Dives

Deep dives are Castle Labs' high-conviction format: one protocol, mechanism, or ecosystem examined through architecture, tokenomics, competitive position, adoption data, and market context. This is where flagship reports sit alongside long-form protocol analysis. The audience expectation is institutional-grade synthesis: fewer shallow takes, more evidence, better maps, and clear conclusions that survive contact with the data.

Latest Deep Dives Research

Showing 1-12 of 56 articles

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Metric: The Next-Gen DEX
·Deep DivesTrading

Metric: The Next-Gen DEX

Liquidity Providers (LPs) on Decentralised Exchanges (DEXs) have long faced a structural problem during market movements: as prices move on Centralised Exchanges (CEXs), which are hubs for spot liquidity and perform price discovery, DEXs still quote prices before the market moves, giving arbitrageur

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Solana: Building the Full-Stack Onchain Economy
·Deep DivesMarkets

Solana: Building the Full-Stack Onchain Economy

Solana is now the top chain by application revenue.

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Pearl: The Missing Piece for AI?
·Deep DivesAI

Pearl: The Missing Piece for AI?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a pivotal technology, and as its use grows, it demands more computational throughput than ever.

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Onchain Perps: A Study of the Evolution of Design Choices and Growth Catalysts
·Deep DivesTrading

Onchain Perps: A Study of the Evolution of Design Choices and Growth Catalysts

This excerpt is from our research on Mapping the Perpetual Trading Ecosystem: A Comparative Analysis of Perp Trading Venues across Design, GTM and Microstructure, highlighting the perp ecosystem, including the key growth enablers, the architecture on which the protocols are built, and the GTM strate

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Mapping Onchain Options: Exchanges, Binaries and Yield Products
·Deep DivesOptions

Mapping Onchain Options: Exchanges, Binaries and Yield Products

Onchain options in three families: Derive and Paradex order books, binary markets on Polymarket, Kalshi and HIP-4, and option yield products from Rysk and Hegic.

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Beyond Tokenisation: Making RWAs Useful Onchain
·Deep DivesRWAs

Beyond Tokenisation: Making RWAs Useful Onchain

These days, it’s all about RWAs, with a race involving every protocol and ecosystem, rushing to list new assets and boasting about their market size or asset count.

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The Evolution of RWA Trading Onchain: Variational Swaps
·Deep DivesTrading

The Evolution of RWA Trading Onchain: Variational Swaps

RWA perp volume went from under $1 billion in October 2025 to over $120 billion in August. How Variational swaps compare with perps on funding and execution cost.

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Solving the Cold-Start Problem in Fixed-Rate Lending
·Deep DivesDeFi

Solving the Cold-Start Problem in Fixed-Rate Lending

This excerpt is from our research on Fixed-Rate Lending: Market Structure and Protocol Design, highlighting new and emerging designs in the category.

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The Expanding Business Model of Blockchains
·L2sDeep Dives

The Expanding Business Model of Blockchains

Blockspace is cheap and easy to copy, so chains are going after ecosystem and product revenue. Arbitrum, Polygon, MegaETH and Sophon show the two routes.

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The Birth of Bitcoin-Native Finance: Turning Idle BTC into Productive Capital
·Deep DivesMarkets

The Birth of Bitcoin-Native Finance: Turning Idle BTC into Productive Capital

Only ~1.5% of active BTC earns yield. How CeFi lending, DeFi and Bitcoin L2s compare on trust, and how Stacks builds BTC-native finance with sBTC and stBTC.

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The Broken Link between Protocol Revenues and Token Performance
·Deep DivesMarkets

The Broken Link between Protocol Revenues and Token Performance

Crypto protocols made $7.42 billion in revenue so far in 2026, yet PUMP is down 60% since launch despite $315 million in buybacks, and HYPE is up 1,400%.

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The New Security Bar for Onchain Finance
·PrivacyDeep Dives

The New Security Bar for Onchain Finance

Public balances and quantum-vulnerable signatures are the two security gaps in onchain finance. How Starknet's strkBTC handles privacy, compliance and post-quantum risk.

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